Rasulullah bertanya: Wahai Jibril, kenapa Aku melihat raut mukamu berbeda? Jibril menjawab, . Tidak pantas jika orang yang mengetahui bahwa - - neraka, siksa kubur dan siksa Allah itu sangat dasyat- - untuk bersenang sebelum dirinya merasa aman dari ancaman itu. Jarak pintu yang satu dengan pintu yang lain sejauh perjalan 7. Pintu yang dibawahnya lebih panas 7. Rantai itu dimasukkan ke dalam mulutnya dan keluar dari duburnya, sedangkan tangan kirinya dibelenggu dengan lehernya, dan tangan kanannya dimasukkan ke dalam dada hingga tembus ke bahu. Setiap orang yang durhaka itu dirantai bersama setan dalam belenggu yang sama, lantas diseret wajahnya tersungkur dan dipukul oleh malaikat dengan palu. Setiap kali mereka hendak keluar dari neraka lantaran kesengsaraan mereka, niscaya mereka dikembalikan ke dalam neraka. Pintu neraka ini ditempati oleh orang- orang munafik, orang kafir termasuk juga keluarga Fir'aun, dalam neraka Hawiyyah. Hal ini sebagaimana arti dari firman Allah . Tingkatan neraka ini di atasnya neraka Hawiyyah. Di dalamnya ditempati oleh orang- orang musyrik yang menyekutukan Allah. Merupakan pintu neraka pada tingkatan ke 5. Di dalam pintu itu ditempati oleh orang- orang yang menyembah berhala atau menyembah patung- patung yang dibuat bangsanya sendiri. Tingkatan pintu neraka ini, terletak di atasnya pintu neraka Jahim. Tentang neraka ini, Allah telah berfirman yang artinya . Al- Mudatstsir : 4. Pintu keempat namanya Ladza, berisi iblis dan orang- orang yang mengikutinya, serta orang Majusi. Ladza merupakan pintu neraka pada tingkatan nomor 4. Kemudian orang- orang Majusi pun ikut serta menempati neraka Ladza ini. Mereka kekal bersama Iblis di dalamnya. Tingkatan pintu neraka Ladza ini diatasnya pintu neraka Saqar. Dalam hal ini Allah telah berfirman : Sekali- kali tidak dapat, sesungguhnya neraka itu adalah api yang bergejolak. Oleh itu, mereka pun dibinasakan oleh gempa bumi, lalu menjadilah mereka mayat-mayat yang tersungkur di tempat tinggal masing-masing. Lain Penyelewengan Jemaah Al-Arqam dan Usaha Pemurniannya oleh Mohd. Lazim Lawee,Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, 2004. Tersungkur di Pintu Syurga, Zabidi Mohamad Berjudul Tersungkur Di Pintu Syurga yang memaparkan di antara strategi dakwah pertubuhan Al-Arqam (Zabidi Mohamed,1998), Strategi Rasulullah Menghadapi Ulah Yahudi (Mustafa Kamal Wasfi, 1992), Strategi Dunia Islam Abad Ke 21(Ziaudddin Lumpur(Ab. Nantikan saya di pintu syurga Ilmu dan amal amatlah perlu Tentunya di syurga kita bahagia Dalam semak ada duri Ayam kuning buat sarang Orang tamak tak selalunya rugi. 55 Hadis Sahih Bukhari Jilid 4. Ramai beranggapan bahawa isu Al-Arqam sebenarnya isu politik, sehingga kerana takutkan pengaruhnya berkembang, mereka telah di zalimi. Berkesempatan membaca buku ' Tersungkur di Pintu Syurga, the untold truth and inside story. Tempat jatuh lagi dikenang,inikan pula tempat tumpah darahku.berbagai pengalaman hidup, asam garam pahit manis kehidupan aku lalui di sini.Mana mungkin aku melupakanmu, Duhai kampungku, Telok Panglima Garang.kau tetap di hatiku Omak Kau Abah. Buku Arqam : Tersungkur Di Pintu 'Syurga' Zabidi Mohamed. Al Quran Digital Syaqira Technologies Al Quran Al Hidayah PTS Kemilau Publika Telaga Biru Karya Bestari YADIM Humaira Publications Biografi pVm Communications. Ahli Syurga Tidak Pernah Selesa dengan Amalan Mereka 101 Ayah Nabi Ibrahim a.s. Ditukar Menjadi Dubuk. Lalu Dihumban ke Neraka 105 Berapa Banyak Bom Diperlukan Bagi Meleburkan Gunung Everest? Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Iblis dan para pengikutnya akan dimasukkan ke dalam neraka Ladza. Seperti apa yang dikatakan oleh Malaikat Maut (malaikat Izrail) ketika Iblis hendak dicabut nyawanya, maka malaikat maut itu berkata, bahwa Iblis akan diberi minum dari neraka Ladza. Pintu kelima namanya Huthamah, tempat orang- orang Yahudi. Merupakan pintu neraka pada neraka tingkatan ke 3. Di dalamnya ditempati oleh orang- orang Yahudi dan para pengikutnya. Pintu neraka Huthamah ini, tingkatannya di atas pintu neraka Ladza yang dihuni para Iblis. Al- Humazah : 5- 6). Pintu keenam namanya Sa'ir, merupakan pintu neraka pada neraka tingkatan ke 2. Pintu neraka ini berada di atas tingkatan pintu neraka Huthamah. Mengenai neraka ini, Allah Ta'ala telah berfirman . Al- Insyigaq : 1. Selanjutnya Jibril terdiam karena merasa segan kepada Rasulullah Saw. Merupakan pintu neraka yang paling atas (pertama). Jibril meletakan kepala Rasulullah di pangkuannya sampai Beliau sadar kembali. Salman Al- Farisi datang dan berdiri di depan pintu seraya berkata, ”Assalaamu'alaikum, yaa ahla baitir rahmah, apakah saya bisa bertemu dengan junjunganku Rasulullah Saw.? Beliau hanya keluar rumah jika hendak mengerjakan shalat dan tidak berbicara dengan siapa pun. Dalam shalat beliau menangis dan sangat merendahkan diri kepada Allah Ta’ala. Pada hari yang ketiga, Abu Bakar r. Sambil berdiri di depan pintu ia berkata, . Beliau tidak keluar rumah kecuali untuk shalat dan tidak pemah berkata- kata serta tidak mengizinkan seseorang untuk masuk ke rumah beliau. Di depan pintu rumah Rasulullah Saw. Fathimah mengucapkan salam dan berkata, . Bukakan pintu untuknya. Dia memberitahu kepadaku bahwa pada pintu yang teratas diperuntukkan bagi umatku yang mengerjakan dosa besar. Itulah yang menyebabkan aku menangis dan sangat sedih. Wajah mereka tidak hitam, mata mereka tidak biru, mulut mereka tidak disumbat, dan mereka tidak dibelenggu ataupun dirantai. Banyak di antara umatku yang masih muda, ketika ditarik jenggotnya untuk digiring ke neraka berkata, ”Betapa sayang kemudaan dan ketampananku. ”Banyak di antara umatku yang perempuan ketika ditarik ke neraka berkata, ”Sungguh aku sangat malu.” Ketika malaikat yang menarik umatku itu sampai ke neraka dan bertemu dengan Malik, Malik bertanya kepada malaikat yang menarik umatku itu, ”Siapakah mereka itu? Aku tidak pernah melihat orang- orang yang tersiksa seperti mereka. Wajah mereka tidak hitam, mata mereka tidak biru, mulut mereka tidak disumbat, mereka tidak dibarengkan dengan golongan setan, dan mereka tidak dibelenggu atau diikat lehernya?” Malaikat itu menjawab, . Ketika mereka melihat Malik, mereka lupa untuk menyebut nama Muhammad Saw. Seandainya sewaktu di dunia kamu menangis seperti ini karena takut kepada siksaan Allah, niscaya sekarang ini kamu tidak akan masuk neraka.” Malik lalu berkata kepada Zabaniyah, ”Lemparkan, lemparkan mereka ke dalam neraka.” Ketika mereka dilempar ke dalam neraka, mereka berseru secara serempak mengucapkan kalimat: Laa ilaaha illallah.., sehingga api neraka langsung menjadi padam. Kemudian Malik berkata, ”Wahai api, sambarlah mereka!” Api itu menjawab, ”Bagaimana aku menyambar mereka sementara mereka mengucapkan kalimat: Laa ilaaha illallaah. Malik berkata lagi kepada api neraka, ”Sambarlah mereka”. Api itu menjawab, ”Bagaimana aku menyambar mereka, sementara mereka mengucapkan kalimat: Laa ilaaha illallah.” Malik berkata, ”Benar, namun begitulah perintah Allah Arasy”. Di antara mereka ada yang disambar sampai dua telapak kakinya, ada yang disambar sampai dua lututnya, dan ada yang disambar sampai lehemya. Ketika api itu akan menyambar muka, Malik berkata, ”Jangan membakar muka mereka, karena dalam waktu yang cukup lama mereka bersujud Kepada Dzat Yang Maha Kuasa. Dalam Al- Qur'an, Allah telah mensifati neraka Jahannam sebagai berikut . Al- Hijr : 4. 3) Dari Hadits Qudsi: Bagaimana kamu masih bisa melakukan maksiat sedangkan kamu tak dapat bertahan dengan panasnya terik matahari- Ku. Tahukah kamu bahwa neraka jahanam- Ku itu mempunyai 7 tingkat. Setiap tingkat mempunyai 7. Setiap daerah mempunyai 7. Setiap kampung mempunyai 7. Setiap rumah mempunyai 7. Setiap bilik mempunyai 7. Setiap kotak mempunyai 7. Di bawah setiap pokok zarqum mempunyai 7. Di dalam mulut setiap ular yang panjang 7. Al- Quran/Al- A'raaf - Wikisource. Oleh itu, janganlah ada perasaan bimbang dalam dadamu mengenainya, supaya engkau memberi amaran dengan Al- Quran itu (kepada orang- orang yang ingkar) dan supaya menjadi peringatan bagi orang- orang yang beriman.? Iblis menjawab: Aku lebih baik daripada Adam, Engkau (wahai Tuhan) jadikan daku dari api sedang dia Engkau jadikan dari tanah. Sesungguhnya sesiapa di antara mereka yang menurutmu, tetaplah aku akan memenuhi Neraka Jahanam dengan (golongan) kamu (yang derhaka) semuanya; ! Tinggallah engkau dan isterimu di dalam Syurga serta makanlah dari makanannya sepuas- puasnya apa sahaja kamu berdua sukai dan janganlah kamu hampiri pokok ini, (jika kamu menghampirinya) maka akan menjadilah kamu dari orang- orang yang zalim. Setelah mereka memakan (buah) pohon itu, terdedahlah kepada mereka berdua aurat masing- masing dan mereka mulailah menutupnya dengan daun- daun (dari) Syurga. Serta Tuhan mereka menyeru mereka: Bukankah Aku telah melarang kamu berdua dari pokok itu dan Aku katakan kepada kamu, bahawa Syaitan itu adalah musuh kamu yang nyata?! Sesungguhnya Kami telah menurunkan kepada kamu (bahan- bahan untuk) pakaian menutup aurat kamu dan pakaian perhiasan dan pakaian yang berupa takwa itulah yang sebaik- baiknya. Yang demikian itu adalah dari tanda- tanda (limpah kurnia) Allah (dan rahmat. Nya kepada hamba- hamba. Nya) supaya mereka mengenangnya (dan bersyukur).! Janganlah kamu diperdayakan oleh Syaitan sebagaimana ia telah mengeluarkan kedua ibu bapa kamu dari Syurga, sambil dia menyebabkan terlucutnya pakaian mereka berdua untuk memperlihatkan kepada mereka: Aurat mereka (yang sebelum itu tertutup). Sesungguhnya Syaitan dan kaumnya melihat kamu dengan keadaan yang kamu tidak dapat melihat mereka. Sesungguhnya Kami telah menjadikan Syaitan- syaitan itu teman rapat bagi orang- orang yang tidak beriman. Katakanlah (wahai Muhammad): Sesungguhnya Allah tidak sekali- kali menyuruh mengerjakan perbuatan yang keji. Patutkah kamu mengatakan terhadap Allah apa yang kamu tidak mengetahuinya? Serta mereka pula menyangka, bahawa mereka berada dalam petunjuk hidayat.! Pakailah pakaian kamu yang indah berhias pada tiap- tiap kali kamu ke tempat ibadat (atau mengerjakan sembahyang) dan makanlah serta minumlah dan jangan pula kamu melampau; sesungguhnya Allah tidak suka akan orang- orang yang melampaui batas.? Katakanlah: Semuanya itu ialah (nikmat- nikmat) untuk orang- orang yang beriman (dan juga yang tidak beriman) dalam kehidupan dunia; (nikmat- nikmat itu pula) hanya tertentu (bagi orang- orang yang beriman sahaja) pada hari kiamat. Demikianlah Kami jelaskan ayat- ayat keterangan Kami satu persatu bagi orang- orang yang (mahu) mengetahui.! Jika datang kepada kamu Rasul- rasul dari kalangan kamu yang menceritakan kepada kamu ayat- ayat (perintah) Ku, maka sesiapa yang bertakwa dan memperbaiki amalnya, tidak ada kebimbangan (dari berlakunya kejadian yang tidak baik) terhadap mereka dan mereka pula tidak akan berdukacita. Orang- orang itu akan mendapat bahagian mereka (di dunia) dari apa yang telah tersurat (bagi mereka), hingga apabila datang kepada mereka utusan- utusan Kami (malaikat) yang mengambil nyawa mereka, bertanyalah malaikat itu (kepada mereka): Manakah (makhluk- makhluk dan benda- benda) yang kamu sembah selain Allah? Mereka menjawab: Semuanya itu telah hilang lenyap daripada kami dan mereka pula menjadi saksi terhadap diri mereka sendiri, bahawa mereka adalah orang- orang yang ingkar. Tiap- tiap satu umat yang masuk, mengutuk akan saudaranya (golongannya sendiri); hingga apabila mereka semua berhimpun di dalamnya, berkatalah golongan yang akhir mengenai golongan yang pertama di antara mereka: Wahai Tuhan kami, mereka inilah yang telah menyesatkan kami; oleh itu berilah kepada mereka azab seksa yang berlipat ganda dari (azab) Neraka. Allah berfirman: Kamu masing- masing disediakan (azab seksa) yang berlipat ganda tetapi kamu tidak mengetahui. Dan mereka diseru: Itulah Syurga yang diberikan kamu mewarisinya dengan sebab apa yang kamu telah kerjakan. Maka adakah kamu juga telah dapati apa yang telah dijanjikan oleh Tuhan kamu itu semuanya betul? Mereka menjawab: Benar ada. Kemudian berserulah penyeru (malaikat) di antara mereka (kedua- dua puak itu) menyatakan: Bahawa laknat Allah tertimpa ke atas orang- orang yang zalim. Sedang mereka, sendiri belum lagi masuk Syurga, padahal mereka ingin sangat memasukinya.! Janganlah Engkau jadikan kami bersama orang- orang yang zalim? Mereka (ahli Syurga) menjawab: Sesungguhnya Allah telah haramkan kedua- duanya atas orang- orang kafir. Oleh itu, pada hari ini (hari kiamat), Kami lupakan (tidak hiraukan) mereka sebagaimana mereka telah lupa (tidak hiraukan persiapan- persiapan untuk) menemui hari mereka ini dan juga kerana mereka selalu mengingkari ayat- ayat keterangan Kami.? Sesungguhnya mereka telah merugikan diri mereka sendiri dan telah lenyaplah dari mereka perkara- perkara yang mereka ada- adakan dahulu. Ingatlah, kepada Allah jualah tertentu urusan menciptakan (sekalian makhluk) dan urusan pemerintahan. Maha Suci Allah Yang Mencipta dan Mentadbirkan sekalian alam. Sesungguhnya Allah tidak suka kepada orang- orang yang melampaui batas. Sesungguhnya rahmat Allah itu dekat kepada orang- orang yang memperbaiki amalannya. Demikianlah pula Kami mengeluarkan (menghidupkan semula) orang- orang yang telah mati, supaya kamu beringat (mengambil pelajaran daripadanya). Demikianlah Kami menerangkan tanda- tanda (kemurahan dan kekuasaan) Kami dengan berbagai cara bagi orang- orang yang (mahu) bersyukur! Sembahlah kamu akan Allah, (sebenarnya) tidak ada Tuhan bagi kamu selain daripada. Nya. Sesungguhnya aku bimbang, kamu akan ditimpa azab hari yang besar (hari kiamat)! Tidak ada padaku sebarang kesesatan, tetapi aku adalah seorang Rasul dari Tuhan sekalian alam. Sesungguhnya mereka adalah kaum yang buta (mata hatinya daripada melihat kebenaran). Dia berkata: Wahai kaumku! Sembahlah kamu akan Allah, (sebenarnya) tidak ada Tuhan bagi kamu selain daripada. Nya. Oleh itu, tidakkah kamu mahu bertakwa kepada. Nya! Tidak ada padaku sebarang kebodohan, tetapi aku adalah seorang Rasul dari Tuhan sekalian alam.? Dan kenanglah ketika Allah menjadikan kamu khalifah- khalifah sesudah kaum Nabi Nuh dan Allah telah menambahkan kamu kelebihan (dan kekuatan) pada bentuk kejadian tubuh kamu. Maka kenanglah akan nikmat- nikmat Allah supaya kamu berjaya.? Adakah kamu hendak berbahas denganku mengenai nama- nama yang hanya kamu dan nenek moyang kamu menamakannya, sedang Allah tidak sekali- kali menurunkan sebarang bukti yang membenarkannya? Maka tunggulah (kedatangan azab itu), sesungguhnya aku juga dari orang- orang yang turut menunggu bersama- sama kamu. Dia berkata: Wahai kaumku! Sembahlah kamu akan Allah, (sebenarnya) tiada Tuhan bagi kamu selain daripada. Nya. Sesungguhnya telah datang kepada kamu keterangan yang nyata (mukjizat) dari Tuhan kamu; ini adalah seekor unta betina (dari) Allah sebagai keterangan bagi kamu (membuktikan kebenaranku). Oleh itu, biarkanlah unta itu mencari makan di bumi Allah dan janganlah kamu menyentuhnya dengan sesuatu yang menyakitinya; (kalau kamu menyentuhnya) maka kamu akan ditimpa azab seksa yang tidak terperi sakitnya. Maka kenangkanlah nikmat- nikmat Allah itu dan janganlah kamu bermaharajalela melakukan kerosakan di muka bumi.? Mereka menjawab: Sesungguhnya kami beriman kepada apa yang dia diutus untuk menyampaikannya.! Datangkanlah azab yang engkau telah janjikan kepada kami, jika betul engkau dari Rasul- rasul yang diutus (oleh Allah).! Aku telah menyampaikan kepada kamu perutusan Tuhanku dan aku telah memberi nasihat kepada kamu, tetapi kamu tidak suka kepada orang- orang yang memberi nasihat. Ingatlah ketika dia berkata kepada kaumnya: Patutkah kamu melakukan perbuatan yang keji, yang tidak pernah dilakukan oleh seorang pun dari penduduk alam ini sebelum kamu? Oleh itu, lihatlah, bagaimana akibat orang- orang yang melakukan kesalahan. Dia berkata: Wahai kaum sembahlah kamu akan Allah, (sebenarnya) tiada Tuhan bagi kamu selain daripada. Nya. Sesungguhnya telah datang kepada kamu keterangan yang nyata dari Tuhan kamu. Oleh itu, sempurnakanlah sukatan dan timbangan dan janganlah kamu kurangkan bagi manusia akan benda- benda dan perkara- perkara yang menjadi haknya; dan janganlah kamu berbuat kerosakan di muka bumi sesudah Allah menjadikannya (makmur teratur) dengan sebaik- baiknya. Yang demikian itu lebih baik bagi kamu jika betul kamu orang- orang yang beriman. Nabi Syuaib menjawab: Adakah (kamu hendak melakukan yang demikian) sekalipun kami tidak menyukainya? Pengetahuan Tuhan kami meliputi akan tiap- tiap sesuatu. Kepada Allah jualah kami bertawakal. Wahai Tuhan kami, hukumkanlah antara kami dan kaum kami dengan kebenaran (keadilan), kerana Engkau jualah sebaik- baik Hakim. Orang- orang yang mendustakan Nabi Syuaib, merekalah orang- orang yang rugi.! Sesungguhnya aku telah menyampaikan kepada kamu perintah- perintah Tuhanku dan aku telah memberi nasihat kepada kamu. Oleh itu, tidaklah aku merasa sedih terhadap orang- orang kafir (yang telah binasa itu). Lalu Kami timpakan mereka (dengan azab seksa) secara mengejut dan mereka tidak menyedarinya. Tetapi mereka mendustakan (Rasul Kami), lalu Kami timpakan mereka dengan azab seksa disebabkan apa yang mereka telah usahakan.? Kerana sebenarnya tidak ada yang merasa aman dari rancangan buruk (balasan azab) yang diatur oleh Allah itu melainkan orang- orang yang rugi. Demikianlah Allah meteraikan di atas hati orang- orang yang kafir. Maka perhatikanlah bagaimana kesudahan orang- orang yang berbuat kerosakan.! Sesungguhnya aku ini adalah seorang Rasul dari Tuhan sekalian alam. Sesungguhnya aku datang kepada kamu dengan membawa keterangan yang nyata dari Tuhan kamu. Oleh itu, bebaskanlah Kaum Bani Israil menyertai aku (ke Palestin). Engkaukah yang akan mencampakkan (tongkatmu lebih dahulu) atau kamikah yang akan mencampakkan (lebih dahulu)?!
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The PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus was defined to establish a high performance and low cost local bus that would remain through several generations of products. By combining a transparent upgrade path from 1. MB/s (3. 2- bit at 3. MHz) to 5. 28 MB/s (6. MHz) and both 5 volt and 3. PCI bus meets the needs of both low end desktop systems as well as that of high- end LAN servers. The PCI bus component and add- in card interface is processor independent, enabling an efficient transition to future processors, as well as use with multiple processor architectures. The disadvantage of the PCI bus is the limited number of electrical loads it can drive. A single PCI bus can drive a maximum of 1. All PCI devices, except host bus bridges, are required to provide 2. A target is selected during a configuration access when its IDSEL signal is asserted. The IDSEL acts as the classic . During the address phase of the configuration cycle, the processor can address one of 6. AD. This requires a big- endian processor, such as a Power PC, to perform the proper byte- swapping of data read from or written to the PCI device, including any accesses to the Configuration Address Space. This task is usually performed by the Host to PCI Bridge (Host Bridge). Two distinct mechanisms are defined to allow the software to generate the required configuration accesses. Configuration mechanism #1 is the preferred method, while mechanism #2 is provided for backward compatibility. Only configuration mechanism #1 will be described here, as it is the only access mechanism that will be used in the future. Bit 3. 1 is an enable flag for determining when accesses to CONFIG. Bits 2. 3 through 1. PCI bus in the system. Bits 1. 5 through 1. PCI Bus. Bits 1. 0 through 8 choose a specific function in a device (if the device supports multiple functions). Since all reads and writes must be both 3. CONFIG. If you don't need all 3. Note that this segment, the functions sys. Out. Long and sys. In. Long are assembly language functions that make use of the OUTL and INL Pentium assembly language instructions. The following code segment illustrates the read of a non- existent device. Since there are no *//* vendors that == 0x. FFFF, it must be a non- existent device. This means it's only likely to exist on hardware from around 1. PCI 1. 0 was introduced) to 1. PCI 2. 0 was introduced), which limits it to 8. Pentium motherboards. It has the following format. Key (0 = access mechanism disabled, non- zero = access mechanism enabled). Function number. Special cycle enabled if set. The IO port at 0x. CFA (the . The IO port number has the following format. Register index. Note that this limits the system to 1. PCI bus. This access mechanism is described in PCI Express. If this function doesn't exist you can't be sure if the computer supports PCI or not. If it says mechanism #1 is supported you won't know if the memory mapped access mechanism is also supported or not. If PCI is supported, there's no easy way to determine if (e. For these cases the only option left is manual probing. This means 2 specific tests - whether mechanism #1 is supported, and if not whether mechanism #2 is supported. Please note that manual probing has risks; in that if there is no PCI (e. Figures 2 & 3 show the layout of the 2. Configuration space. All PCI compliant devices must support the Vendor ID, Device ID, Command and Status, Revision ID, Class Code and Header Type fields. Implementation of the other registers is optional, depending upon the devices functionality. Where valid IDs are allocated by the vendor. Where valid IDs are allocated by PCI- SIG (the list is here) to ensure uniqueness and 0x. FFFF is an invalid value that will be returned on read accesses to Configuration Space registers of non- existent devices. Where the only functionality guaranteed to be supported by all devices is, when a 0 is written to this register, the device is disconnected from the PCI bus for all accesses except Configuration Space access. Where valid IDs are allocated by the vendor. Where a value of 0x. PCI- to- PCI bridge, and a value of 0x. Card. Bus bridge. If bit 7 of this register is set, the device has multiple functions; otherwise, it is a single function device. A device can limit the number of cacheline sizes it can support, if a unsupported value is written to this field, the device will behave as if a value of 0 was written. For the x. 86 architecture this register corresponds to the PIC IRQ numbers 0- 1. I/O APIC IRQ numbers) and a value of 0x. FF defines no connection. Where a value of 0x. INTA#, 0x. 02 is INTB#, 0x. INTC#, 0x. 04 is INTD#, and 0x. Used if bit 4 of the status register (Capabilities List bit) is set to 1. The bottom two bits are reserved and should be masked before the Pointer is used to access the Configuration Space. This bit is reset when BIST completes. If BIST does not complete after 2 seconds the device should be failed by system software. In earlier versions of the specification this bit was used by devices and may have been hardwired to 0, 1, or implemented as a read/write bit. Where a value of 0x. The bus agent asserted PERR# on a read or observed an assertion of PERR# on a write, the agent setting the bit acted as the bus master for the operation in which the error occurred, and bit 6 of the Command register (Parity Error Response bit) is set to 1. In revision 2. 1 of the specification this bit was used to indicate whether or not a device supported User Definable Features. If set to 1 and bit 1. Command register (Interrupt Disable bit) is set to 0 the signal will be asserted; otherwise, the signal will be ignored. The lower addresses contain the least significant portions of the field. Software to manipulate this structure must take particular care that the endian- ordering follows the PCI devices, not the CPUs. Typically, memory address BARs need to be located in physical ram while I/O space BARs can reside at any memory address (even beyond physical memory). To distinguish between them, you can check the value of the lowest bit. The following tables describe the two types of BARs. Memory Space BAR Layout. Byte Aligned Base Address. I/O Space BAR Layout. Byte Aligned Base Address. The Type field of the Memory Space BAR Layout specifies the size of the base register and where in memory it can be mapped. If it has a value of 0x. Memory Space. A value of 0x. Memory Space (A 6. A value of 0x. 01 is reserved as of revision 3. PCI Local Bus Specification. In earlier versions it was used to support memory space below 1. MB (1. 6- bit wide base register that can be mapped anywhere in the 1. Memory Space). For 1. Bit Memory Space BARs, you calculate (BAR. For 3. 2- Bit Memory Space BARs, you calculate (BAR. For 6. 4- Bit Memory Space BARs, you calculate ((BAR. The amount of memory can then be determined by masking the information bits, performing a bitwise NOT ('~' in C), and incrementing the value by 1. The original value of the BAR should then be restored. The BAR register is naturally aligned and as such you can only modify the bits that are set. For example, if a device utilizes 1. MB it will have BAR0 filled with 0x. FF0. 00. 00. 0 (0x. The second way avoids a lot of work by figuring out valid bus numbers while it scans, and is a little more complex as it involves recursion. For both of these methods you rely on something (firmware) to have configured PCI buses properly (setting up PCI to PCI bridges to forward request from one bus to another). The third method is like the second method, except that you configure PCI bridges while you're doing it. Pseudo- code might look like this. Device(uint. 8. Pseudo- code might look like this. All. Buses(void). Pseudo- code might look like this. Bus(uint. 8. If the device is a PCI to PCI bridge then you want to extract the . Start by checking if the device at bus 0, device 0 is a multi- function device. If it's not a multi- function device, then there is only one PCI host controller and bus 0, device 0, function 0 will be the PCI host controller responsible for bus 0. If it is a multifunction device, then bus 0, device 0, function 0 will be the PCI host controller responsible for bus 0; bus 0, device 0, function 1 will be the PCI host controller responsible for bus 1, etc (up to the number of functions supported). However; if you are configuring PCI buses you are also responsible for configuring the memory areas/BARs in PCI functions, and ensuring that PCI bridges forward requests from their primary bus to their secondary buses. For this reason there will be no example code for this method here. You have the Interrupt Line field of the header, which is read/write (you can change it's value!) and it says which interrupt will the PCI device fire when it needs attention. You have 4 new IRQs called INTA#, INTB#, INTC# and INTD#. You can find which IRQ the device will use in the Interrupt Line field. In the ACPI AML Tables you will find (using ACPICA) that INTA# is connected to a specified interrupt line, INTB# to another, etc.. You have, say, 2. INTA#, 5 for INTB#, 5 for INTC#, and none for INTD#. So when the IRQ number related to #INTC you have to scan the 5 devices to understand who was the interested one. So there is a LOT of IRQ sharing, expecially for INTA#. So you will likely have 1. INTA# and 2 on INTB#. Motherboard manufacturers decided take the situation in control. So at boot the INTx# are remapped, so that you will have 5 devices for INTA#, 5 for INTB#, 5 for INTC#, and 5 for INTD# (in the best case). IRQs are balanced and IRQ sharing is reduced. The only problem is that you don't know what devices where mapped. If you read the Interrupt Pin you still get INTA#. You now need to parse the MP Tables or the ACPI ones to solve the mess. The easiest way to detect a multifunction device is bit 7 of the header type field. If it is set (value = 0x. Make sure you mask this bit when you determine header type. Selection Software. Howden Compressors, has for many years, provided its customers and end users with a range of software tools to allow the selection of its wide and versatile range of rotary twin screw compressors. HOWDEN SELECT : SCREW COMPRESSOR, our new selection software, has been developed for customers and those wishing to select the optimum Howden screw compressor, for refrigeration, hydrocarbon gas and oil free applications. Compressors Image Gallery. MYCOM screw compressor has a robust construction. Airpack has a complete program of nitrogen generators. 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It works by providing low levels of nicotine, which may help you to quit smoking by lessening the physical signs of withdrawal symptoms. Do NOT use nicotine patch if: you are allergic to any ingredient in nicotine patch. Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you. Nicotine Transdermal Patch: learn about side. You should wear the patch continuously for 16 to. Congratulations on your decision to quit smoking! The nicotine patch your doctor. These could be signs that you are getting too much nicotine (an overdose) from the patch. Before using nicotine patch: Some medical conditions may interact with nicotine patch. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you: if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast- feedingif you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplementif you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances (including adhesive tape)if you have skin problems at the application siteif you have heart problems, irregular heartbeat, or if you have had a recent heart attackif you have high blood pressureyou continue to smoke, chew tobacco, use snuff, or use any other nicotine- containing products (eg, nicotine gum)if you take medicine for asthma or depression, or if you are using another medicine to stop smoking. Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with nicotine patch. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines. Ask your health care provider if nicotine patch may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine. How to use nicotine patch: Use nicotine patch as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions. An extra patient leaflet is available with nicotine patch. Talk to your pharmacist if you have questions about this information. Do not apply to skin that is oily, burned, irritated, or damaged in any way. Remove backing from patch and immediately press onto a clean, dry, hairless part of your upper arm or hip. In the movie 'Thank You for Smoking' When they kidnapped the guy and applied a lot of nicotine patches, where he was told that if he smoking a single cigarette, that he would die. Well my question is, Is that really. The nicotine patch is a popular tool used by people quitting smoking. Learn more about the nicotine patch, it's side effects, facts and. Remember, nicotine stays in your body many hours after taking. If you're still smoking. Thank you for signing up. Conditions; Living Well. GENERIC NAME: nicotine patch BRAND NAME: Nicoderm CQ DISCONTINUED BRAND: Habitrol. GENERIC AVAILABLE: Yes. USES: Nicotine patches are used to control nicotine withdrawal symptoms and cravings associated with. How easy is it to overdose on nicotine? Thank you for sharing the symptoms and treatments of nicotine. The symptoms of nicotine overdose. I wonder how much you would have to smoke with the. Press firmly and count to 1. Wash your hands after applying or removing the patch. Apply a new patch at the same time each day. Be sure to use a different skin site to avoid skin irritation. Do not cut the patch in half or into smaller pieces. Do not wear more than 1 patch at a time. Wear each patch for 1. Do not leave the patch on for more than 2. After removing the used patch, fold it in half with the sticky sides together. Discard the patch out of the reach of children and away from pets. If you miss a dose of nicotine patch, use it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not use 2 doses at once. Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use nicotine patch. Important safety information: Nicotine patch comes in different strengths. Talk to your doctor about which strength is right for you. Do NOT use more than the recommended dose or use for longer than 1. If you feel the need to take nicotine patch after 1. If you begin to have vivid dreams or other sleeping problems, remove the patch at bedtime (after wearing it for about 1. Put on a new patch when you wake up the next day. Avoid getting nicotine patch in your eyes. If you get nicotine patch in your eyes, wash them out immediately with cool tap water. Do not smoke or use tobacco products while you are using nicotine patch. This includes times when you are not wearing the patch. Nicotine patch should be used as part of a larger program to help you stop smoking. If you need help choosing a program, talk with your health care provider. Tell your doctor, dentist, or other health care provider that you use nicotine patch before you receive any medical or dental care, emergency care, or surgery. If you will be having a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), tell your doctor that you use nicotine patch. You may need to remove the patch before having the MRI. Nicotine patch may cause harm if it is swallowed. If you, a child, or a pet may have taken it by mouth, contact your poison control center or emergency room right away. Use nicotine patch with caution in the ELDERLY; they may be more sensitive to its effects. Nicotine patch should not be used in CHILDREN younger than 1. PREGNANCY and BREAST- FEEDING: Nicotine patch may cause harm to the fetus. If you think you may be pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using nicotine patch while you are pregnant. Nicotine patch is found in breast milk. If you are or will be breast- feeding while you use nicotine patch, check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby. When used for longer than a few weeks or at high doses, some people develop a need to continue taking nicotine patch. This is known as DEPENDENCE or addiction. Do not suddenly stop taking nicotine patch without your doctor's approval. If you do, you may have WITHDRAWAL symptoms. These may include anxiety, craving, impaired concentration, increased appetite, irritability, nervousness, sleep disturbances, and weight gain. Possible side effects of nicotine patch: All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome: Abnormal or vivid dreams; mild redness, itching, or burning at the application site; trouble sleeping. Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur: Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); blurred vision; fast or irregular heartbeat; nausea; severe or persistent dizziness or headache; swelling or persistent (more than 4 days) redness at the application site; vomiting; weakness. This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA. If OVERDOSE is suspected: Contact 1- 8. American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately. Proper storage of nicotine patch: Store nicotine patch at room temperature, between 6. F (2. 0 and 2. 5 degrees C). Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep nicotine patch out of the reach of children and away from pets. General information: If you have any questions about nicotine patch, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider. Nicotine patch is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people. If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor. Check with your pharmacist about how to dispose of unused medicine. This information should not be used to decide whether or not to take nicotine patch or any other medicine. Only your health care provider has the knowledge and training to decide which medicines are right for you. This information does not endorse any medicine as safe, effective, or approved for treating any patient or health condition. This is only a brief summary of general information about nicotine patch. It does NOT include all information about the possible uses, directions, warnings, precautions, interactions, adverse effects, or risks that may apply to nicotine patch. This information is not specific medical advice and does not replace information you receive from your health care provider. You must talk with your health care provider for complete information about the risks and benefits of using nicotine patch. Review Date: August 8, 2. Disclaimer: This information should not be used to decide whether or not to take this medicine or any other medicine. Only your health care provider has the knowledge and training to decide which medicines are right for you. This information does not endorse any medicine as safe, effective, or approved for treating any patient or health condition. This is only a brief summary of general information about this medicine. It does NOT include all information about the possible uses, directions, warnings, precautions, interactions, adverse effects, or risks that may apply to this medicine. This information is not specific medical advice and does not replace information you receive from your health care provider. You must talk with your healthcare provider for complete information about the risks and benefits of using this medicine. More about nicotine Consumer resources Professional resources Related treatment guides.
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